WPF换肤之四：界面设计和代码设计分离

说起WPF来，除了总所周知的图形处理核心的变化外，和Winform比起来，还有一个巨大的变革，那就是真正意义上做到了界面设计和代码设计的分离。这样可以让美工和程序分开进行，而不是糅合在一块，这样做的好处当然也是显而易见的：提高了开发效率。
原先的设计方式
在我们之前设计的代码中，每当添加一个新的窗体的时候，我总是会在这个新的窗体的XAML文件中加入如下的代码，以便使样式能够应用上去：

双击代码全选
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19	`View Code` `<Window x:Class="WpfApplication1.MsgWindow"` `xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"` `xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"` `Title="TestWindow"` `Height="391"` `Width="418"` `WindowStyle="None"` `AllowsTransparency="True"` `Background="Transparent"` `OpacityMask="White"` `ResizeMode="NoResize"` `PreviewMouseMove="ResetCursor"` `WindowStartupLocation="CenterScreen">` `<Grid Background="Transparent">` `<Border BorderThickness="5"` `BorderBrush="DarkGreen"` `CornerRadius="10,10,10,10"` `MouseMove="DisplayResizeCursor"` `PreviewMouseDown="Resize"` `Name="top">` `<Border.Background>` `<LinearGradientBrush EndPoint="0.5,1"` `StartPoint="0.5,0">` `<GradientStop Color="#eee"/>` `</LinearGradientBrush>` `</Border.Background>` `<Grid>` `<!--这里放置UIElement.-->` `</Grid>` `</Border>` `</Grid>` `</Window>`

然后，在后台中，为了使窗体能够在最大化时不遮蔽任务栏，拖拉窗体边缘能够改变窗口大小，点按窗体可以实现拖拉的时候，在后台加入了如下的代码：

双击代码全选
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386	`View Code` `using System;` `using System.Collections.Generic;` `using System.Linq;` `using System.Text;` `using System.Windows;` `using System.Windows.Controls;` `using System.Windows.Data;` `using System.Windows.Documents;` `using System.Windows.Input;` `using System.Windows.Media;` `using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;` `using System.Windows.Shapes;` `using System.Windows.Interop;` `using System.Diagnostics;` `using System.Runtime.InteropServices;` `namespace` `WpfApplication1` `{` `/// <summary>` `/// Interaction logic for TestWindow.xaml` `/// </summary>` `public` `partial` `class` `MsgWindow : Window` `{` `private` `const` `int` `WM_SYSCOMMAND =` `0x112;` `private` `HwndSource hs;` `IntPtr retInt = IntPtr.Zero;` `public` `MsgWindow()` `{` `InitializeComponent();` `this.SourceInitialized +=` `new` `EventHandler(WSInitialized);` `}` `void` `WSInitialized(object sender, EventArgs e)` `{` `hs = PresentationSource.FromVisual(this)` `as` `HwndSource;` `hs.AddHook(new` `HwndSourceHook(WndProc));` `}` `public` `double relativeClip =` `10;` `public` `enum ResizeDirection` `{` `Left =` `1,` `Right =` `2,` `Top =` `3,` `TopLeft =` `4,` `TopRight =` `5,` `Bottom =` `6,` `BottomLeft =` `7,` `BottomRight =` `8,` `}` `[DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]` `private` `static` `extern IntPtr SendMessage(IntPtr hWnd,` `uint` `Msg, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam);` `private` `void` `ResizeWindow(ResizeDirection direction)` `{` `SendMessage(hs.Handle, WM_SYSCOMMAND, (IntPtr)(61440` `+ direction), IntPtr.Zero);` `}` `private` `void` `ResetCursor(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)` `{` `if` `(Mouse.LeftButton != MouseButtonState.Pressed)` `{` `this.Cursor = Cursors.Arrow;` `}` `}` `private` `void` `Resize(object sender, MouseButtonEventArgs e)` `{` `Border clickedBorder = sender` `as` `Border;` `Point pos = Mouse.GetPosition(this);` `double x = pos.X;` `double y = pos.Y;` `double w =` `this.ActualWidth;` `double h =` `this.ActualHeight;` `if` `(x <= relativeClip & y <= relativeClip)` `// left top` `{` `this.Cursor = Cursors.SizeNWSE;` `ResizeWindow(ResizeDirection.TopLeft);` `}` `if` `(x >= w - relativeClip & y <= relativeClip)` `//right top` `{` `this.Cursor = Cursors.SizeNESW;` `ResizeWindow(ResizeDirection.TopRight);` `}` `if` `(x >= w - relativeClip & y >= h - relativeClip)` `//bottom right` `{` `this.Cursor = Cursors.SizeNWSE;` `ResizeWindow(ResizeDirection.BottomRight);` `}` `if` `(x <= relativeClip & y >= h - relativeClip)` `// bottom left` `{` `this.Cursor = Cursors.SizeNESW;` `ResizeWindow(ResizeDirection.BottomLeft);` `}` `if` `((x >= relativeClip & x <= w - relativeClip) & y <= relativeClip)` `//top` `{` `this.Cursor = Cursors.SizeNS;` `ResizeWindow(ResizeDirection.Top);` `}` `if` `(x >= w - relativeClip & (y >= relativeClip & y <= h - relativeClip))` `//right` `{` `this.Cursor = Cursors.SizeWE;` `ResizeWindow(ResizeDirection.Right);` `}` `if` `((x >= relativeClip & x <= w - relativeClip) & y > h - relativeClip)` `//bottom` `{` `this.Cursor = Cursors.SizeNS;` `ResizeWindow(ResizeDirection.Bottom);` `}` `if` `(x <= relativeClip & (y <= h - relativeClip & y >= relativeClip))` `//left` `{` `this.Cursor = Cursors.SizeWE;` `ResizeWindow(ResizeDirection.Left);` `}` `}` `private` `void` `DisplayResizeCursor(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)` `{` `Border clickBorder = sender` `as` `Border;` `Point pos = Mouse.GetPosition(this);` `double x = pos.X;` `double y = pos.Y;` `double w=` `this.ActualWidth;` `double h=` `this.ActualHeight;` `this.label1.Content = x +` `"--"` `+ y;` `if` `(x <= relativeClip & y <= relativeClip)` `// left top` `{` `this.Cursor = Cursors.SizeNWSE;` `}` `if` `(x >= w - relativeClip & y <= relativeClip)` `//right top` `{` `this.Cursor = Cursors.SizeNESW;` `}` `if` `(x >= w - relativeClip & y >= h - relativeClip)` `//bottom right` `{` `this.Cursor = Cursors.SizeNWSE;` `}` `if` `(x <= relativeClip & y >= h - relativeClip)` `// bottom left` `{` `this.Cursor = Cursors.SizeNESW;` `}` `if` `((x >= relativeClip & x <= w - relativeClip) & y <= relativeClip)` `//top` `{` `this.Cursor = Cursors.SizeNS;` `}` `if` `(x >= w - relativeClip & (y >= relativeClip & y <= h - relativeClip))` `//right` `{` `this.Cursor = Cursors.SizeWE;` `}` `if` `((x >= relativeClip & x <= w - relativeClip) & y > h - relativeClip)` `//bottom` `{` `this.Cursor = Cursors.SizeNS;` `}` `if` `(x <= relativeClip & (y <= h - relativeClip & y >= relativeClip))` `//left` `{` `this.Cursor = Cursors.SizeWE;` `}` `}` `private` `void` `button1_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)` `{` `this.WindowState = (this.WindowState == WindowState.Normal ? WindowState.Maximized : WindowState.Normal);` `}` `#region 这一部分用于最大化时不遮蔽任务栏` `private` `static` `void` `WmGetMinMaxInfo(System.IntPtr hwnd, System.IntPtr lParam)` `{` `MINMAXINFO mmi = (MINMAXINFO)Marshal.PtrToStructure(lParam,` `typeof(MINMAXINFO));` `// Adjust the maximized size and position to fit the work area of the correct monitor` `int` `MONITOR_DEFAULTTONEAREST =` `0x00000002;` `System.IntPtr monitor = MonitorFromWindow(hwnd, MONITOR_DEFAULTTONEAREST);` `if` `(monitor != System.IntPtr.Zero)` `{` `MONITORINFO monitorInfo =` `new` `MONITORINFO();` `GetMonitorInfo(monitor, monitorInfo);` `RECT rcWorkArea = monitorInfo.rcWork;` `RECT rcMonitorArea = monitorInfo.rcMonitor;` `mmi.ptMaxPosition.x = Math.Abs(rcWorkArea.left - rcMonitorArea.left);` `mmi.ptMaxPosition.y = Math.Abs(rcWorkArea.top - rcMonitorArea.top);` `mmi.ptMaxSize.x = Math.Abs(rcWorkArea.right - rcWorkArea.left);` `mmi.ptMaxSize.y = Math.Abs(rcWorkArea.bottom - rcWorkArea.top);` `}` `Marshal.StructureToPtr(mmi, lParam,` `true);` `}` `/// <summary>` `/// POINT aka POINTAPI` `/// </summary>` `[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]` `public` `struct POINT` `{` `/// <summary>` `/// x coordinate of point.` `/// </summary>` `public` `int` `x;` `/// <summary>` `/// y coordinate of point.` `/// </summary>` `public` `int` `y;` `/// <summary>` `/// Construct a point of coordinates (x,y).` `/// </summary>` `public` `POINT(int` `x,` `int` `y)` `{` `this.x = x;` `this.y = y;` `}` `}` `/// <summary>` `/// 窗体大小信息` `/// </summary>` `[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]` `public` `struct MINMAXINFO` `{` `public` `POINT ptReserved;` `public` `POINT ptMaxSize;` `public` `POINT ptMaxPosition;` `public` `POINT ptMinTrackSize;` `public` `POINT ptMaxTrackSize;` `};` `/// <summary> Win32 </summary>` `[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack =` `0)]` `public` `struct RECT` `{` `/// <summary> Win32 </summary>` `public` `int` `left;` `/// <summary> Win32 </summary>` `public` `int` `top;` `/// <summary> Win32 </summary>` `public` `int` `right;` `/// <summary> Win32 </summary>` `public` `int` `bottom;` `/// <summary> Win32 </summary>` `public` `static` `readonly RECT Empty =` `new` `RECT();` `/// <summary> Win32 </summary>` `public` `int` `Width` `{` `get` `{` `return` `Math.Abs(right - left); }` `// Abs needed for BIDI OS` `}` `/// <summary> Win32 </summary>` `public` `int` `Height` `{` `get` `{` `return` `bottom - top; }` `}` `/// <summary> Win32 </summary>` `public` `RECT(int` `left,` `int` `top,` `int` `right,` `int` `bottom)` `{` `this.left = left;` `this.top = top;` `this.right = right;` `this.bottom = bottom;` `}` `/// <summary> Win32 </summary>` `public` `RECT(RECT rcSrc)` `{` `this.left = rcSrc.left;` `this.top = rcSrc.top;` `this.right = rcSrc.right;` `this.bottom = rcSrc.bottom;` `}` `/// <summary> Win32 </summary>` `public` `bool IsEmpty` `{` `get` `{` `// BUGBUG : On Bidi OS (hebrew arabic) left > right` `return` `left >= right \|\| top >= bottom;` `}` `}` `/// <summary> Return a user friendly representation of this struct </summary>` `public` `override` `string ToString()` `{` `if` `(this` `== RECT.Empty) {` `return` `"RECT {Empty}"; }` `return` `"RECT { left : "` `+ left +` `" / top : "` `+ top +` `" / right : "` `+ right +` `" / bottom : "` `+ bottom +` `" }";` `}` `/// <summary> Determine if 2 RECT are equal (deep compare) </summary>` `public` `override` `bool Equals(object obj)` `{` `if` `(!(obj` `is` `Rect)) {` `return` `false; }` `return` `(this` `== (RECT)obj);` `}` `/// <summary>Return the HashCode for this struct (not garanteed to be unique)</summary>` `public` `override` `int` `GetHashCode()` `{` `return` `left.GetHashCode() + top.GetHashCode() + right.GetHashCode() + bottom.GetHashCode();` `}` `/// <summary> Determine if 2 RECT are equal (deep compare)</summary>` `public` `static` `bool operator ==(RECT rect1, RECT rect2)` `{` `return` `(rect1.left == rect2.left && rect1.top == rect2.top && rect1.right == rect2.right && rect1.bottom == rect2.bottom);` `}` `/// <summary> Determine if 2 RECT are different(deep compare)</summary>` `public` `static` `bool operator !=(RECT rect1, RECT rect2)` `{` `return` `!(rect1 == rect2);` `}` `}` `[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]` `public` `class` `MONITORINFO` `{` `/// <summary>` `/// </summary>` `public` `int` `cbSize = Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(MONITORINFO));` `/// <summary>` `/// </summary>` `public` `RECT rcMonitor =` `new` `RECT();` `/// <summary>` `/// </summary>` `public` `RECT rcWork =` `new` `RECT();` `/// <summary>` `/// </summary>` `public` `int` `dwFlags =` `0;` `}` `[DllImport("user32")]` `internal` `static` `extern bool GetMonitorInfo(IntPtr hMonitor, MONITORINFO lpmi);` `[DllImport("User32")]` `internal` `static` `extern IntPtr MonitorFromWindow(IntPtr handle,` `int` `flags);` `#endregion` `private` `void` `MyMacClass_SourceInitialized(object sender, EventArgs e)` `{` `hs = PresentationSource.FromVisual((Visual)sender)` `as` `HwndSource;` `hs.AddHook(new` `HwndSourceHook(WndProc));` `}` `private` `IntPtr WndProc(IntPtr hwnd,` `int` `msg, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam, ref bool handled)` `{` `switch` `(msg)` `{` `case` `0x0024:/* WM_GETMINMAXINFO */` `WmGetMinMaxInfo(hwnd, lParam);` `handled =` `true;` `break;` `default`: `break;` `}` `return` `(System.IntPtr)0;` `}` `}` `}`

如果按照上面的设计，那么每加入一个新的窗体，都要重复上面的两个步骤的话，加入一个工程中需要加入的新窗体特别多，估计这种操作足以让一个正常人疯掉了。并且假如以后border的颜色要修改，那得修改多少页面啊~~~

柠檬铺

WPF换肤之四：界面设计和代码设计分离

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WPF换肤之四：界面设计和代码设计分离

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